The Map and the Territory: When Your Organization Chart Stops Describing How Decisions Actually Get Made
Every organization operates two structures simultaneously: the official hierarchy displayed on its org chart, and the informal power network that actually governs how decisions are made, resources are allocated, and initiatives succeed or fail. When these two structures diverge significantly, the consequences are measurable—slowed execution, confused new hires, and a persistent advantage for those who know the unwritten rules. This article examines how informal power structures form, how to iden